Top_80_most_Common_Exam_Questions

TOP 80 MOST COMMON IB BIOLOGY QUESTIONS

T O P I C 1 Outline the cell theory exceptions Explain how stem cells are used to treat Stargardt's and another illness Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of stem cells Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (remember organelles functions!!) Outline the Cell cycle phases, describe the occurrences in each Outline the stages of Mitosis

T O P I C 2 Outline the process of Transcription Explain DNA replication and translation Deduce DNA sequences from mRNA Identify cell respiration reactants and products Describe the different stages of cell respiration Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic cell respiration

T O P I C 3 Outline how the genetic code is universal Identify Gene mutations, and give a specific example of a mutation (Sickle cell anaemia) Outline the Gel electrophoresis process and how it is used in paternity and forensic investigations Outline the mechanism of Somatic Nuclear transfer Explain polymerase chain reactions. Outline the pros and cons of GMO.

T O P I C 4 Explain carbon fluxes and how it impacts coral reefs Analyse data atmospheric carbon data Outline how peat is formed Explain how greenhouse gases impact the atmosphere and climate change Distinguish between the long wave and short wave radiation Explain atmospheric carbon dioxide levels can affect coral reefs.

T O P I C 5 Explain the 3 requirements for evolution Discuss the role of natural selection in evolution Explain how antibiotic resistance in prokaryotes is a form of evolution. Outline the traits unique to organisms of each phyla, include examples! Classify an animal using the taxonomy classification. Using a cladogram, identify which species are most closely related Define analogous and homologous traits

T O P I C 6 Describe structure and function of: villi, microvilli and the small intestine. Identify the parts of the small intestine on a micrograph Outline how nutrients are absorbed via the digestive tract Explain the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria Describe the role of Florey and Chain's experiments in the development of penicillin Explain the formation of antibodies Explain the role of melatonin and the pineal gland in jet lag Explain the role of leptin in obesity Outline the menstrual cycle and the role of negative feedback

T O P I C 7 Explain the role of enzymes in DNA replication Distinguish between the lagging and leading strand Describe the role of nucleosomes during DNA replication. Explain the process of transcription. Describe the role of splicing to increase the number of proteins a gene can form. Identify the tRNA structure and function. Outline the primary, secondary, tertirary and tertiary levels of protein structure.

T O P I C 8 Distinguish between the different types of enzyme inhibitors Be able to analyze graphs analyzing enzyme reaction rates Explain cell respiration, inc